Clarissa Ngoh. Powered by Blogger.

You are aware of some strange sensation in your body usually brought about by tension. You become worried about it because it arrives unexpectedly. Rather than seeking out the source of the tension, you seek out the source of the fear. "Why am I feeling afraid?"

But your past worries had known reasons! You also knew "fear" from experience as something related to your environment.

If someone threatens you, you may fear THAT person! If you see a highway CAUTION sign you will worry about driving carefully. But for a newly felt sensation like a racing heart, rapid breathing, muscle ache, giddiness, blurred vision, headache, nausea, etc. - all possible symptoms of stress overload - once you assign an unknown source label to it, you have created a conflict within your conscious logic of how to react to the fear. This NEW fear doesn't seem to have a reason, a source, a purpose! It arrived seemingly out of the blue! Because of the unknown nature of this new fear, you analyze it and the worrying becomes more pronounced. You may begin to extend your new unknown fear feeling into your future well-being with "what if" questions - hypothetical situations to determine how you might feel in the future IF the same fear existed. The worrying seems endless as you cannot identify the cause. You begin to fantasize about odd possibilities like tumors, cancer, glands and aneurysms. At this point you feel threatened for your life or your sanity!

This threat launches another bodily function which takes over your worrying for you - the Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) which is responsible for your survival. This is the "BIG GUN"! It stimulates heartbeat, raises blood pressure, dilates the pupils, dilates the trachea and bronchi for breathing, converts stored glycogen (starch) into glucose (sugar), inhibits digestion and movement in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and inhibits contraction of the bladder and rectum. In short, makes you ready to RUN! Through this flight/fight response it socks you with a rapid and intense fear so powerful that your immediate response is to run and/or hide. But you can't! You don't know why or where to run. This is the inherent contradiction in panic.

The SNS is not controlled consciously by you. It is influenced by your thoughts and beliefs but it is independent of your control. It is a part of your instinctive brain. And this is perplexing because in the past your fear feelings had identifiable situations or sources. These were ones you could avoid or change.

Panic is really your SNS now in charge of your worrying. You can't stop it. You have no conscious control over it once it kicks in. At this point trying to exert control only makes it last longer. Conversely, by trying to NOT stop it makes it stop. This, I believe, is the way out.

It's important to note that this can happen to anyone at any time. It is not related to how weak minded or sensitive the individual is. I have emails from miltary personnel, fire fighters, politicians, sportsmen who are all confused as to why they have these panic feelings. They keep fighting the panic and their own SNS.

The SNS is your protection, your survival albeit overblown for today's modern stresses. As you increase your worrying and focus all your thoughts and energy (stress) on the unknown reason, the SNS has to take over. Extreme stress initially produces a physical reaction which initiates extreme worrying which prompts the SNS response once you feel threatened. That's its job that developed over millions of years of evolution - WAY before the industrial revolution, the fast pace of the new age, and cell phones. A higher degree of worrying warrants the survival mechanism of the SNS. It's nature. It's what your body is supposed to do in response to your fear.

The SNS needs to be fed a continuous supply of worry/fear to stay alert and active. The fear of panic essentially becomes the reason for the SNS to react. A circular process for sure. By letting the panic go on without preventing it you are showing your SNS and your instinctive brain that it needn't worry, that it isn't necessary. That the panic it produced for you to "save you" is overblown for the given situation. There really is NO impending doom. When you face what you fear (the panic) totally and willingly, the SNS process shuts off and the panic shuts off.

This is how simple it is! And why you must completely stand down when panic occurs and take the opposite track. Not away from the panic but towards it - allowing it to "kill" you. You have NO control over it. All the analyzing and wishing away the fear feeling can't work. It, in fact, will do the opposite. The panic is your body's mechanism for survival. But if it is at the wrong place at the wrong time you have the means of proving that it is not needed and, in effect, switching it off.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
by DAVID DAISH - author of the book FEAR (click)
As you all know, once you get into an increasing anxiety state, it feeds on itself and escalates - the emotional cascade it’s called - where fear piles upon fear, and panic ensues. What bugs me most about this development is that I KNOW what is going on, yet I so often feel completely powerless to stop it. It seems to take on a life of its own and you get carried away by it. No amount of reasoning with it will work.

Then I read something that set me thinking. It was in Aine Tubridy’s book,When Panic Attacks. She is talking about PTSD, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, and I realised that what she had written about, held the key to understanding normal fear and anxiety. She talks about the primitive fearresponse that is the basis of all panic:
"Its aim is not only to prompt you to find safety, but it will remain in place until it is certain that the danger is over and that you will not be exposed to a similar experience before you have fully recovered. Once you are out of danger, the focus shifts to a risk of a future occurrence. Your internal bodyguard means to see that you don’t become complacent or relaxed for some time yet, to ensure that you stay ‘on alert’ should the danger return unexpectedly - the alarm will only cease when your primitive brain is completely satisfied that you are not in danger any longer and that adequate safety measures have been put in place for the future"
What she is saying here is that you have to PROVE to the primitive brain that the danger no longer exists. ONLY THEN, will it stop the fear.

How do you prove it? This is what Jeff has written here, what Dr. Weekes said before him. Panic is fear of the panic, apprehension of it as Jeff has so often said. Your primitive brain senses your continual apprehension of the feelings of panic, it remembers the terror you initially felt when you experienced panic, it does NOT want you to have to go through it, it wants to protect you from it, so it keeps you on alert - for AS LONG AS YOU FEAR THE PANIC.

You keep telling yourself that panic is to be feared and dreaded, that all the many feelings, thoughts and experiences of fear and panic are to be avoided at all costs. You go to extraordinary lengths to avoid them all. All this behaviour reinforces the notion that panic and fear are dangerous, so your primitive brain has to keep you on alert, to watch out for fear’s approach.

Yet the supreme irony of it all is obvious; it is the feelings of fear themselves that are perceived as being the danger. The protective response of yourprimitive brain IS the danger that you are keeping it on alert for!

This we know. As I said, we can reason with this forever. We can understand the vicious circle completely, yet STILL we are battered by fear and panic.

This comes back to proving to your primitive brain that there is NO danger. And to do this, you HAVE to go through the fear, to EXPERIENCE it, to show yourself at the feeling level that it really is NOT a danger to your survival. More than this, and this is the basis of what Jeff says, you have to positively encourage the fear to come, to demand that it gets as bad as it can- and to mean it. Only then, will your primitive brain give up.

This level of your brain cannot distinguish between actual and perceived threats. It knows that you have been frightened. It remembers what has happened to you. It knows that you continue to be afraid and it has to keep on being on alert because you keep telling it that you are in danger. It responds exactly as if you have been through some external trauma insofar as it keeps on replaying all the terrifying experiences you have had of panic.

In my own case, my fear of panic is related to my main phobias - health phobia and emetophobia, fear of vomiting. I grew to fear panic intensely because when it came, it felt as if I would be sick. It never has made me sick, but the fear of it happening has remained. So too with fear of illness, I become terrified of what I might be going to experience physically. It can be anything, often very trivial such as feeling very tired, or even having a headache. The "scared" days I mentioned at the beginning usually result from escalating fear that I am becoming ill with something - something that will be very dangerous.

The other important aspect of it all is sensitisation - the hair-trigger response of your nervous system through repeated firing of the fear reaction. With this, fear comes too quickly and too intensely. This state is the heightened state of alert Dr. Tubridy refers to, the intense apprehension of what might happen next. This state will lessen by itself ONCE you begin to diffuse the fears you have, once you begin to prove to your primitive brain that there ARE no dangers.

In practical terms, what happened was for me to turn on my fears and confront them, to goad them into manifesting all the catastrophic expectations that they were telling me I was going to have to experience. I got up with a headache that gradually got worse. I didn’t feel like eating. I began to breathe too fast and, as always happens, the adrenaline began to pump. Late in the afternoon, the number of "What ifs" had grown beyond all reason. I felt sick to my stomach.

So what did I do? I made myself eat! I thought, "OK, you are telling me I shall be sick, well I am GOING to eat this food, so do your worst!!"

The sickness went away. I had successfully demonstrated to my primitivebrain that there WAS NO DANGER. And I did it by going right into the fear.

So, with ANY fear, you can do the same, to actually invite the worst to happen. And it won’t!

I read so many accounts here of those who live in dread of the particular way fear manifests itself in their lives, be it panic, or anxiety or phobias or whatever. For those who have never faced their fears, it can seem impossible even to imagine doing so. Others who have done so, will often ask, "Well I have done it, I have faced the fear, but why does it still keep coming back?" I have done just this myself. You try to figure it out.

But in so doing, you are, once again, analysing for the purposes of avoidance, you are once again treating it as a threat. Your primitive brain has been on alert for so long, as Dr. Tubridy says, it means to stop you from getting too relaxed or complacent too quickly - just in case. If it picks up on the fact that you are regarding your returns of fear with suspicion, then it thinks the danger has not yet completely gone.

So it maintains the heightened state. But with repeated, successful facing of fear, with the "utter acceptance" Claire Weekes talks about, it gives up. To accelerate this giving up, actively seeking out the fear, actually TRYING to make the feelings worse, all that Jeff has explained here, works wonders.

I think all this explains why it can all take so long, why we lose heart too quickly when the fear doesn’t immediately go away. Why, unfortunately, we can take the path of relying on medication to switch the fear off.

The answer is so simple. But it takes courage and persistence. We all have these qualities. I believe there is no one who cannot do it.



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I wasn't tough as what I expected,
I thought I could get rid the unwanted fears,
but I still failed to do that when I seen the unexpected picture.
I'm really helpless, despair and fearful when obstacles hit my life.
Had letting the warm water to run through my body for 5 minutes; eaten three stabilizer and drinking a glass of warm coffee to stop myself from getting fear.
But no matter what I done, 
my skins had goosebumps all the way till now,


I really find no way to cool down myself,
had illegally eaten three pills instead of one.
LCL really wanted to attack me,
when I look at her face, I know what she wanted to done to me again,
come out from nowhere and then hit my face or cane me.
She's mentally ill, so that she couldn't control what she is doing.


*her powerful masterpiece


My heart still really raining...
I have a sense of heaviness in my heart which it keep on pulling me down.
Kaima doubtlessly trusted her and don't believe what I said,
she has a direct thinking of 'nothing will happen' or 'no need worry',
GOOD-HEARTEDNESS HAS NO RECOMPENSE ON HER SOMETIMES.
She keep thinking that they wouldn't do anything to me!
Well,
I really don't wanna treat her so good any more.
I promised myself to stop doing good.
I reckon that she pakat with pl and will harm me in one day.
When recalling so many good deeds that I done to her,
I'm really such a fool in treating her good all the way.
The most foolish thing was I took a flight back just because of celebrating her promotion,
and bought a Channel lipstick for her.
In addition,
to credited her 'protection', I even bought her longchamp bags just because I truly loved her.
Now she ignored my fears and keep telling me 'nothing will happen' and 'stop imagine'.
I really frustrated about it right now. I really find no happiness in my entire life.
I even failed to create one :(




I am unsure about what is a true happiness,
if you ask me happiness or wealth which is more important,
I will definitely tell you 'wealth' without think twice.
Literally, relationship can't secure my insecurities, but wealth does.
My parents can't secure my anxieties, but wealth does.
My mate can't comfort my inner fears, but wealth does.
Love can't buy happiness, but wealth does.
Thus, from all these perspectives,
I drafted a conclusion that wealth secured all the negative emotions of an individual.




I'm going through a really stressful situation right now,
my house is such a messy when I tremendously stress up!
I wanna leave this world, I really wanna leave this world.
I hate myself so much that I'm still trap in the fears.
I knew there's something wrong with me which I couldn't eliminate the fears within myself.
I find it hard to breath now... I mean I am able to breath, 
but the breathing is so heavy now....
We are sort of similar couple....
When we stress up, we used to bite our nails and grabbed our hair tightly.
Nevertheless,
I'm often much more serious than him,
additionally I would breath hardly in the extreme frequency; trembled until I slept and felt cold throughout my body until I rinsed myself with warm running water.
Shit ! I'm really such a failure in managing my own fears,
I flunked in balancing my serotonin now, I just can't let my tears stop streaming down,
seems like nobody is going to pull up the helpless me.



I'm really really devastated in my life,
I'm trying my best to achieve the best of my life,
but my inability still make me so unsuccessful,
particularly my emotions, I'm such a despair woman.
When you look at my eye bags or dark circles,
you will know that I'm really, extremely, exactly need help.



I always had different case than anyone else in the world,
I witnessed and experienced the only one incident in the world.
The hurts were extremely painful.... 
I felt a semblance of knife edge is cutting my leg,
I always attempted to altered that particular flashbacks when those brutal scenes crossed my mind.
Certainly,
my nightmares contained hidden scars, it's unreasonable though.
Unwanted trauma, untouchable thoughts and the uncountable fears
These three are the three main elements that I really can't get over.


 








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When heading to the positive thinking way,
 next year February, we are officially a year of friend,
instead of counting five years of add math ceremony; seven years of animosity and nine years of negative relationship.



We are eventually a year of friend on next year February if God didn't intend to change anything.



Something really surprisingly,
I really never expect that she'll becomes a kind and pure person after many years of brutality. 
In the beginning,
I am holding massive of fears when she told me that she wanted to becomes my friend,
I'm doubting her sincerity and her hidden motive,
such as thinking that she will ultimately betray my trust,
eg. outspoken all my secrets or purposely opposed my intentions. 



I am still wondering the reasons why she changed so much,
indeed, her changes really frightened me a lot,
previously, I even think that I prefer her to be an 'inborn' her rather than an 'artificial' her.
That time,
I told kaima that I really afraid of her kind actions,
Kaima even laughed at my innocence and said
'Hahaha!!! Why?? She became good not good meh?? Why you afraid till like that??'
*I was crying in whatsapp. LOL!
I weep and said
'not... not... not 'not good' la.... but just too scary... I very scary she want to do anything to me, so that she pretended good to me and then harm me at the end... I know one... I really know her a lot.... waaaaaaa..... she... she... she wants to harm me....'
Kaima said
'hahaha!! Really dont have la... I can swear this time she is real one... Eh! I tell you, today she suddenly gave me a red lipstick, then she told me, nah ji gei ho lu.... then I said zo mi.... lu ho wa zo mi.... then she said bo la, I ai kam sia you make clarissa and me become friend, so I bought this for you as thank you, you see ah, if she really want to harm you, she already wont bought lipstick for me,  already own self plan behind and own self harm you at the end... so trust her one time la... dont cry la... not scared one...'
I started to stop crying, I said
'Really? She really wont harm me one???'
She said
'Really, this time she wont harm you one, if she wants to harm you sure I tell you one.. plus Pn Lye got pray god one... so she wont harm you one...'
I said
'Anoh anoh! That day I went her house, I saw she was praying.'
She said
'Ya la, I knew she was buddhism all the time, so no worries la, she wont harm you one.'
I said
'But why last time she is buddhism, but also why she harm ? And now she is buddhism, why she never harm?'
LOL!!! Kaima speechless but laughed out her lung when I said like that,
*I'm actually out of curiousness and asked such questions,
kaima laughed and said
'hahaha! How i know?? Maybe now she prayed more and last time prayed lesser.... now got more belief... last time more cincai....'
I cried again and said
'But.... but I still very scared.... Tuesday she came out with dog, and said Junior bite! And Friday she said she wants to become friend with me.... (sounds of weeping).... I... I ... I still very scared....'
LOL! When Kaima heard that,
she even laughed louder,
she said
'Hahahahaha!!! I really cannot tahan you, but I told you this time is real la.... if you dont believe, you can take time observe, see she still got harm you or not...'




Now, it has been 9 months,
when I went her house, she really never harms me any more.


Seems like daddy mommy's hearts can stop jumping with fears about her hazardness and let me go her house without thinking about my safety.


another part of credits goes to Sherryn,
she told me the same thing as Kaima,
'As I said, not to feel scared, just wait and see!'
Now,
I really see nothing :)
However,
I still afraid of her character that she is cease to be faithful,
quite sometimes,
I will still worry in the midnight,
thinking that she will change back to her originality anytime, 
and also thinking that she thinking in heart
'Now dont care already, change to bad again like Mr Hyde...'
Hide, hide, hide!!!
Hide away the kindness and demonstrate her endless cruelness. 
Broadly speaking,
I really need someone to tell me everyday that she ain't that scary anymore,
she's quite sincere, quite kind, quite warm-hearted now.
I really need that person right now....












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Developing Women Leaders: Five Essentials

January 01, 2013 
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We need to make sure we are investing time and energy to developing future generations of women for leadership. There are five universal factors that make a real difference in encouraging young women to reach success.

We need to make sure we are investing time and energy to developing future generations of women for leadership. As Warren Buffett notes, harnessing the talent of women is key for building strong economies. There are five universal factors that, no matter where people are, where they are from, or what sector they are in, make a real difference in encouraging young women to reach success.
Though successful women are often prone to credit luck for their success, it is mostly hard work and perseverance that brings women to the top of their field, be they artists, scientists, entrepreneurs or academics. These are the women who never settle for the mediocre, are perpetually restless and striving, and who know that real success can only be found by crossing time zones, cultures, and cruising through stop signs.
The most successful women in the world have grabbed every opportunity afforded to them, and have created opportunities for themselves, harnessing their fears and doubts as rocket fuel instead of rocks in their pockets.
The factors that contribute to the development of the next generation of women leaders can be gleaned from their experiences.
Some of the characteristics of successful people, such as motivation, natural curiosity, courage, self-management, enjoying being stretched and rising to a challenge, personal will and fortitude, drive, and flexibility may be innate, but there is no doubt that these characteristics also need to be nurtured and encouraged.
Five factors stand out that help to support developing women leaders. Not particularly costly or demanding, they have proven to be very effective.
1. Basic Skills
There are certain basic skills that everyone should be given access to beyond the standard education. We need to ensure that young women have access to building these skills that help them move to success early in their careers. These include public speaking, writing, negotiation, and effective networking. People might have nature skills in some of these areas, but if not, then seeking out courses and opportunities to practice these skills is worthwhile. Also, some employers will give women access to courses in these areas through career development opportunities, but that can often be in their mid-career, and it is actually more valuable and impactful if it started earlier on. If these are not forthcoming from work, they are worth seeking out independently.
2. International Exposure
Travel brings an invaluable exposure to other cultures and ways of thinking. It is essential for advancement in any profession, even in those that seem local, cloistered, or sheltered. This is particularly the case as the world becomes increasingly globally interdependent and actions that occur in a place that seems far away, inevitably affect, directly or indirectly, everyone. International experiences challenge thinking and certainty in a way that can be very healthy. The skills that come from living and working in unfamiliar settings are valuable in themselves, and so are the experiences that can be gleaned from seeing how other cultures deal with issues. It forces people to think outside the box and challenge them to find, and apply, solutions beyond their comfort zones.
3. Mentoring
Mentoring plays a big role in developing any career. It is important, though, to distinguish what kinds of efforts are most useful at different stages of career development. At different points in a person’s career, they need different types of mentoring. The needs for mentoring change from student years, to the first years out of school, to mid-career, to the most senior career positions.
  • Student Years
During student years, meeting, shadowing, personal exposure to senior figures in the field all help to inspire young women to aspire to something greater. It helps to be able to see what success looks like in any given field, and to get a sense of accessibility. Seeing the fruits of hard work and hearing the stories of career paths – more often than not, anything but linear ones – can help inspire young women. Access to as many people as possible, in as many fields as possible, helps to open up the vast horizons of opportunity that are available. It can spark the imagination of young people about where their paths can take them. University alumnae networks are useful – and alumnae returning to speak openly about their experiences can make a real difference by making success accessible.
  • First-Third Jobs
The early period in a person’s career is a time of exploration, of further learning, and of discovering career options, preferences, and interests. During this period, it is most useful to have exposure to a wide array of people in a chosen profession and perhaps to create a group of “go-to” people where a young woman can seek advice and ideas and begin to hone her ideas on her true career path. These mentors can be found many places – speakers who inspire, professionals who are admired, colleagues and managers who they know well. People are often receptive and flattered by emails – it never hurts to try.
  • Mid-Career
It is helpful to have networks as a means of meeting people in their field and getting to know like-minded and like-skilled people. Equally, if not more important for individual development, is having one or two people who know the individual well and can help to council them directly and specifically about options, choices and direction and concrete ways of achieving goals. This can be a vitally effective means of creating clear paths for career development.
  • Career Success
The years when women are at the top of their careers are a time of consolidation, solidification and fulfilment. It is a time when women can stretch themselves or get greater depth in areas of interest – for example, in business that can be directorships, in politics it can be senior policy making or influencing positions. Mentoring one another via peer relationships and networks can be very effective and satisfying. Having a close group of trusted friends and peers who can be frank, generous, and root for each other’s success can be the thing that helps bring the goals that seem distant even at this point much more achievable.
4. Role Models
Role models are an extraordinarily fruitful way to inspire women to aspire to great things. Role models can be found close to home or in the people around them, as well as in those at a distance - seen only through the news, even in faraway places.
There are two kinds of role models:
First, those who help us to think about the kind of people we want to be through examples of kindness, fortitude, courage, bravery, integrity, and other admirable characteristics, displayed equally by women and men, in their everyday lives and in the way they conduct themselves in the workplace.
Second, there are those who help us to aspire to roles that perhaps we’ve not thought of before or not encountered personally, particularly for young women – heads of state, heads of multinational corporations, leaders in political, cultural, or social movements. Seeing women in particular, anywhere in the world, succeeding in an ever widening array of roles helps inspire young women to broaden their expectation for their own possibilities.
It is vital to openly and publicly acknowledge and celebrate the work that women leaders do around the world. It is important to recognize the critical roles that women have played in developing societies and economies. By highlighting this work, it begins to help countries, societies, and companies realize that this is not unusual, and that it should be the norm. It also helps to bring to light the ways in which these women have made the journey to their positions and make that journey more accessible. Most importantly, it ensures that young women have the freedom to make different choices if they want to.
5. Starting Early
We need to start early to make sure girls know they are capable of reaching great heights. It starts in the youngest years of their schooling with words of encouragement and aspiration.
Equally important is ensuring that boys and young men absorb these messages both openly and through example. Even the most closed societies and cultures have the ability to make shifts over the generations and if we begin to change the mindsets of girls and boys alike.
***
Creating an environment where women can succeed is vital. Public policy that encourages women to be successful, workplaces that reward those encouraging and advancing women, and education systems that educate women to the highest standards are just some of the things that are needed to help create an environment in which women are prepared and encouraged to rise to leadership.
Never settling, always being driven, and always seeking new experiences – these are the hallmarks of the most successful senior women, and indeed men, in the world. We must all play a part in helping young women succeed, as our countries, economies, and futures depend on their success.

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Property Developer

Salary | Responsibilities | Qualifications | Skills | Working Conditions | Experience | Employers | Career Progression
Property Developer

Also known as...

  • Property Developer

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Property developers are perhaps best seen as 'conductors'. They are likely to engage in a wide range of property related activities - finding the best locations, sourcing funds, obtaining planning permission, building on raw land, organising renovations or repairs or leasing property, all with the end goal of making a profit on a particular project.
Within the UK, 'development' is formally defined by the Town and Country Planning Act 1990 as 'the carrying out of building, engineering, mining or other operations in, on, over or under land, or the making of any material change in the use of any buildings or other land'. Property development can thus refer to a wide range of directly and indirectly related activities; however, for most people the key theme is making money!
It is perhaps easiest to understand the role by considering a chronological sequence of events:
Research
The first stage to becoming a successful developer is to research the market. This may involve liaising with a range of business contacts or property agents to ascertain what trends are developing in the market. You may look at
  • social demographics
  • supply and demand factors
  • macroeconomic and local economic factors
  • statutory developments
Finding a property
Harold Samuels, founder of Land Securities, is credited with the now infamous phrase location, location, location. One of the key objectives of the research phase is to find the optimum location to make money. The optimum location is not necessarily the heart of a city because this is likely to be the highest priced areas. The most successful property developers look to find a location that can be bought cheaply, developed cheaply and sold or leased for a high price.
Financing and planning permissions
Once a location has been found, most developers will have to leverage their initial deposit. This will involve approaching a range of lenders, commercial banks, wealthy investors, fund managers or syndicate banks in order to obtain financing.Property deals may range from the low thousands to many millions and, depending upon the scale of the transaction, a range of funding sources may be necessary.
Property developers may also work with other professionals such as consultants, conveyancers and lawyers to obtain necessary licences or planning permission for development. They may have to make an application for a 'change of use' certificate. These processes can be very long-winded and time intensive.
Developing the property
Developers may buy raw land to develop commercial premises, retail units, offices, hotels, housing or a range of other buildings. They may also look to engage in conversions or renovations of existing buildings. You will need to have knowledge of building regulations and may need a team of other professionals to support you. You may need an architect, surveyor, engineer, interior designer, builders, electricians or project manager.
Marketing the property
The end goal of the development process is to yield a profit through either the sale or lease of the property. Throughout the process it is imperative to keep a grip on costs and expenses. You may need to have support from agents who will assist you in marketing the project. You may look to involve agents early on in the process for off plan sales or bring them in later depending on the nature of the project.

Salary

Although there are a number of large scale property development companies a lot of developers choose to be self-employed as the rewards can be much greater. Some of the wealthiest individuals in the world made their money through property development.
You could earn in excess of £100,000 a year if you are successful; however, the rewards will ultimately depend upon the size and nature of the project. A bad project can result in a substantial loss whilst a successful project may reap many millions of pounds. The property market is also highly correlated to the general state of the economy. Take a look at our award winning housepricecrash website for more details of factors influencing the UK property market.

Responsibilities

There is a huge range of areas you may be expected to cover and it will vary greatly depending on the scale of the development and also the nature of the project e.g. office, retail, commercial or residential. Property development in general is likely to involve:
  • Identifying an attractive development opportunity.
  • Responding to Requests For Proposals ("RFPs") for redevelopment projects.
  • Working with lawyers, agents and other professionals to draft contracts.
  • Obtaining financing.
  • Assembling development teams including architects, engineers, marketers, agents, builders etc.
  • Project managing the development and overseeing any construction work to make sure it is delivered to deadline.
  • Negotiating and obtaining planning permission and licences and keeping abreast of general industry developments and building regulations.
  • Ensuring that health and safety requirements are satisfied.
  • Negotiating prices for the purchase and sale of land and establishing base prices for publicly owned land.
  • Assisting in the marketing of the development.
  • Managing the property including organising day-to-day repairs or security, negotiating leases and contracts or hiring individuals to manage the property on your behalf.

Qualifications

There are no prerequisite qualifications needed to become a property developer. You will, however, need to have sufficient capital to make an initial purchase.
There is now a range of qualifications available to prospective developers, which includes:
  • University courses including MSc in Property Development. Take a look at the UCAS website for further details.
  • National Federation of Property Professionals ("NFOPP") - the NFOPP offers a series of property related qualifications, including awards in property assessment and residential and commercial letting.
  • Awarding Body for the Built Environment ("ABBE") - the ABBE offers a wide range of qualifications including property assessment, construction site management, surveying and valuation techniques.
  • EDEXCEL - offer qualifications including residential property management and sales.

Skills

A Property Developer needs to have a wide range of skills and abilities. Good attributes would be:
  • Flexibility and the ability to work on a range of different projects.
  • An ability to work and function in high pressure environments.
  • An understanding and solid grasp of numbers and financial information. You will have to produce projections for financiers and update them on costs and investment capital provisions.
  • Technical knowledge. You will need to be able to complete applications for planning permissions and obtain relevant licences.
  • Excellent communication and managerial skills.
  • Marketing and sales skills.
  • Excellent project management skills including an ability to evaluate a variety of factors.
  • A keen knowledge of costs and the ability to monitor and control expense.
  • A willingness to work long hours, both in the office and on-site.
  • Team work and management skills.
  • Adaptability.
  • An entrepreneurial flair.

Working Conditions

Due to the nature of the role, you are likely to spend considerable time working on and finalising a project. This can be a high stress job and you will spend considerable time on-site, meeting with contractors and clients, financiers, investors and suppliers. You may spend considerable time travelling, possibly including overnight trips.
As with any work involving construction, health and safety considerations need to be taken into account. There may be significant structural work involved and you may have to organise for contractors and employees to have appropriate protective equipment.

Experience

The recent financial crisis has significantly affected the UK property market and many developers have struggled to source finance or sell properties at projected prices. This has been testament to the importance of understanding the marketplace. While no experience as such is needed, you should make sure that you have a solid understanding of the property sector and be business savvy.

Employers

Large listed companies - it is possible to work for a major property developer. Some companies are listed. Examples include Hammerson, British Land, Land Securities, and Vinci Construction UK.
Consultancies - skilled property developers will normally be able to source work with consultancies such as ARUP.
Self Employed - property as an asset class is relatively accessible (finance permitting) and many individuals choose to build and develop personal property portfolios, either employing teams of construction experts or completing works themselves.

Career Progression

If you are a successful property developer you will probably dedicate yourself to finding new development projects.
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